The story of David and Goliath takes place in Chapter Seventeen of 1 Samuelin the Bible.
The Philistines gathered their armies for battle at Sokoh in Judah and camped in Ephes-dammim. Saul, who was the king of Israel at the time, and his men camped in the Elah valley, and later went to encounter the Philistines. The Israelites stood on one side of the mountain and the Philistines on the other, the valley between them.
The best warrior of the Philistines, named Goliath—a gaping nine feet tall—came out of their armies. He yelled out to the Israelites to pick a man to come and fight him. He told them that if the man killed him, the Philistines would become their servants. But if the Goliath killed the man they chose, the Israelites had to become the Philistines’ servants. For forty days, every morning and evening, he told them the same thing. Of course, all the Israelites were terrified of the huge man, and didn’t respond.
Now, David was the youngest of eight brothers and his three oldest brothers were a part of the Israelite army. David would go back and forth between his father’s flock at Bethlehem and Saul. One day his father, Jesse, told him to go to his brothers to give them and Saul some food, and to bring news back.
In the morning, David went to Saul’s army and talked with his brothers. As he talked with them, Goliath came out again, and yelled out to the Israelites what he told them before. David heard him. The Israelites, terrified, said, “Do you see how this man keeps coming out? He comes out to defy Israel. The king will give great wealth to the man who kills him. He will also give him his daughter in marriage and will exempt his family from taxes in Israel.”
David asked a few people near him what would happen to the guy who killed that Philistine. The men repeated what they had said.
David’s oldest brother overheard him and had a hissy fit, but David didn’t press the argument too much and walked away. He asked someone else the same thing and got the same answer.
The conversation David had with the other man was overheard and Saul found out about it in no time at all. So, Saul sent for him.
David told Saul, “Let no man’s heart fail on account of him; your servant will go and fight with this Philistine.”
Saul told David that he couldn’t fight Goliath because the man was a great warrior, he was HUGE, and David was still pretty young.
In reply to this, David told him that while he was tending a flock of sheep or lion or bear came and took a lamb. David went after him and rescued the lamb from its mouth. When it came back, he took its beard and struck and killed it. David reasoned with Saul that just like it had died, the Philistine would die because he taunted the armies of their God.
Saul put some armor on David, along with a helmet. David walked around in them, but told Saul that he couldn’t go in them because he hadn’t test them. And with that, David took all the armor off.
Instead, David took his staff, chose five smooth rocks he liked, and put them in his bag. He then took his sling and went up to Goliath.
Goliath approached him, but was surprised to see such a young man. He went into harassing David about how he had come up to him with just sticks, and cursed at David with his own gods.
David gave him a long speech, which included the image of him giving Goliath’s dead body to the birds and the animals once he was dead.
Goliath rose to meet David, and David ran to meet him. As he did so, David got a rock from his bag and flung it at Goliath. It hit the giant’s forehead so hard that he fell to the ground. David promptly went up to him, took Goliath’s sword and cut off his head. When all the Philistines saw what happened, they ran away.
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